Lathe



(No Model.)

G. H. BENNETT.

LATHE.

No. 436,013. Patented Sept. 9, 1890.

. of. the spindle.

UNITED STATES GEORGE H. BENNETT,

OE CINCINNATI, OHIO.

LATHE.

sPEcIEIoA'rIoN forming pm ofv Letters Patent No. 436,013, datenseptember 9, 1890.

Application filed December 6, 1889.

To all whom It may concern.-

Be it known that I, GEORGE H. BENNETT, a citizen of the United Stat-es,residing at Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio,have invented a new and useful Improvement in Speed-Chan gin g Mechanismfor' Lathes, dre., of Which the following is a speci- Iication. y

My invention relates to mechanism for changing the speed of shafting,spindles, dac., in certain machines-such, for example, as lathes,drillingmachines, &c., in which changes of rotative speed are frequentlynecessary, its object being to accomplish the desired changeexpeditiously without shifting belts or stopping the machine, therebysaving valuable time and enabling the workman to concentrate hisattention upon his work without interruption.

To this end it consists in the combination* of a transfer counter-shaftgear journaled parallel with the driven shaft in eccentric rotativebearings, so as to be thrown into or out of engagement therewith, aloose drivingpulley upon the main shaft adapted to be shifted laterallyinto or out of engagement with its shaft, gears upon the main shaft anddriving-pulley adapted to be engaged bythe counter-shaft gear, and meanswhereby the driving-pulley is disengaged from the main shaft and thetransfer-gears thrown into mesh with the driving-pulley gear andshaft-gear at the same operation.

A good illustration of the nature and advantages of my invention is seenin its application to the Ordinary turning-lathe, where it is frequentlynecessary to change the speed The common device for this purpose is asfollows: The spindle carries a disk spur-gear, behind which thedriving-pulley (usually a cone-pulley) rests loosely upon the spindle,and is engaged with or disengaged from the spur-gear by abolt-connection extending through and manipulated from the outer face ofthe gear by hand ora wrench. When disengaged, the driving-pulley runsloose upon the spindle, but is made to again engage the spindle throughthe medium of a spur-pinion constituting a part of the cone at theopposite end, with which and the spurgear of the spindle thetransfer-gears are brought into mesh by rotation of the counter- SerialNo. 332,865- (No model.)

shaft in its eccentric bearings. To bring these devices into playinvolves considerable trouble and delay, besidesthe expense usually ofan extra lcounter-shaft and belt-shifting devices by which the Inotionof the belting is stopped. When all is stopped, the spindle is rotatedby hand to'bring the bolt-head connection into position formanipulation. The cone is then disengaged from the spindle, and thetransverse gear then set up into connecting position, with usually sometrouble in causing the gear teeth to mesh, and when all is readythedriving-belt is shifted back again and the lathe is again set inmot-ion. The change bac-k again involves the same Operations in reversewith nearly the same trouble and loss of time, all of which distractsattention from the work in hand.

In my improvement either change is effected by a single simple movement,and in light work is done instantaneously without shifting the beltingor stopping the motion of any part, and even when the work is heaviestthe entire stoppage of the motion is unnecessary.

The mechanism by which this is accom-A plished is illustrated in theaccompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a plan view of the spindleof a lathe, with the necessary attachments complete, constructedaccording to my invention in its preferred form; Fig. 2, a side or faceview of the shitting-cam detached;` Fig. .3, a front edge view oftheshifting-cam detached;

Fig. 4,ahorizontal axial section of a modified construction and mountingof the grooved pulley withwhich the shifting-cam engages; Fig. 5, an endview of the same.

Referring now to the drawings, the lathespindle A (which may representany spindle to lwhich a differential speed is to be given) is providedwith a fixed disk spur-gear B, having at its rear side a concentricseries of clutch projections a. f Adjacent to the gear B is theydriving-pulley, G, (shown as a conepu1ley,) having beyondthe belt-*facesa vslightly-elongated spur-pinion h and terminated by aperipherally-grooved section c. The driving-pulley, with itsbelt-sections, spurpinion, and grooved terminal section, is integral andis loose upon the spindle and free to move laterally into or out ofengagement with the clutch projections a, and to this end IOO its faceis adjacent to the spur-gearB, is correspondingly recessed, as at d,(shown by dotted lines,) to engage the projections a and form aclutch-engagement with said pulley when shifted into engaging position.

Atthe rear of and parallel with the spindle A is a counter-shaft E,having eccentric ter minal journals, mounted. in bearings c, andcarrying spur-gears F, coupled by a sleeve g 1o loose upon the shaft.The partial rotation of the shaft E by a handle h places the gears F andf in mesh with the gearsh and B, in pairs,

respectively.

Adjacent to the gear F and xed upon the shaft E is a segmental cam-diskI, whose outer edge is formed through a portion of its circumference toa spiral, as indicated in the edge View, Fig. 3, and also slightlyeccentric to compensate for its eccentric-shaft bearing. 2o The outeredge of the cam-disk engages in the grooved section c of thedriving-pulley,`

and by rotation the spiral edge of cam I moves the driving-pulley Claterally. The relative direction of the spiral is such as to 2 5 shiftthe pulley C into engaging relations with the gear B when disengagingthe transfer-gears Ff, and vice versa, and the relative positionradially and extent circumferentially of the spirally-formed portion aresuch as to 3o cause the driving-pulley to be completely detached fromthe gear before causing the gears AF l) and f B to mesh, and viceversa,to throw the gears apart before engaging the driving pulley. The teethof the spurgears being 3 5 similarly spaced apart, they engage veryreadily While one set is in motion, and the change is thus effected bysimply turning a handle 7i, which may be attached to the shaft E or `tothe side of the cam I.

4o In the modification shown in Figs. 4 and 5 I place in the groovedsection c or upon a suitable projection p of the spur-gear h a loosecollar lm, having at one or more portions a partial peripheral groove n,as indicated by 4 5 dotted lines in Fig. 5, in which the cam-disk Iengages. The collar is held against rotation by a pin projectingradially into a groove cut-in the base of the head-stock, as indin catedin Fig. 5, or otherwise, as may be con- 5o venient, and is secured atthe end by a washer o, screwed to the Aend of the projection p. W'hilefor illustrative purposes I have shown and described herein theapplication of the invention to a lathe as a convenient exam- 5 5 ple,it will be obvious that its range of application extends to all machinesin which definite changes of speed are necessary or desirable to begiven to a spindle or shaft.

I claim as my invention and desire to se 6o cure by Letters Patent ofthe United States-M l. In combination with a shaft or spindle to bedriven at differential speeds, a spurgear fixed thereon, adriving-pulley running loosely thereon and shiftable laterally to engageor disengage the spindle, a spur-gear upon said driving-pulley, aneccentric counter shaft carrying coupled transfer gears adapted to meshwith the gears of the driving pulley and spindle, respectively, andmechanism for shifting the driving-pulley lat- 7o erally out ofengagement with its spindle and engaging the counter-shaft gears withthose of the drivingpulley and spindle, substantially as set'forth.

2. In speed-changing mechanism, the eombination of the followinginstrumentalities, viz: a spur-gear upon the driven spindle, a loosedriving-pulley adjacent thereto upon the spindle and adjustablelaterally into or out of rotative engagement therewith, a spur- 8o gea;`formed with or attached to said drivingpulley, a counter-shaft carryingspur-gears coupled in such relation that by rotation of thecounter-shaft they are brought into or out of mesh with the spur-gearsof the drivin g-pulley and spindle, and a spiral cam fixed upon the,counter-shaft and engaging in a peripheral groove of the driving pulley,whereby upon rotating the counter-shaft to engage or disen gage the saidspur-gears of the 9o counter-shaft with those of the spindle and drivingpulley the driving-pulley is shifted out of engaging relations with itsadjacent spur-gear, and vice versa, substantially as set forth.

3. In a lathe, the combination of the spindle, the spur-gear attachedthereto and provided at the pulley side with interlocking lugs, thedrivingpulley loose and laterally shiftable upon the spindle andprovided with roo interlocking recesses at the gear side correspondingwith the lugs of the spur-gear, and means for shifting the cone-pulleyinto or out of engagement with the spur-gear, substantially as setforth.

4. In a lathe, the combination of the spindle having a spur-gear thereonprovided with interlocking face-lugs, the cone-pulley provided Withcorresponding face-recesses and loose and laterally adjustable upon thespinr io dle into and out of engagement with the spurgear, an elongatedspur-pinion at the remote end of the cone-pulley, the back gears, theeccentric back-gears shaft, and connections between the back-gears shaftand the cone- 115 pulley, substantially as set forth.

GEORGE Il. BENNETT.

Witnesses:

WALTER M. LoeKn, RICHARD D. WIeKE.

